![]() Sometimes young people mix their energy drinks with alcohol. And since they have lots of sugar, they can contribute to weight gain and worsen diabetes. But what we do know is that energy drinks can be dangerous because they have large amounts of caffeine. There is not enough evidence to show that they enhance strength or power. There's limited data showing that energy drinks might temporarily improve alertness and physical endurance. This has helped make the drinks popular with American teens and young adults. Energy drinks may also contain sugars, vitamins, herbs, and supplements.Ĭompanies that make energy drinks claim that the drinks can increase alertness and improve physical and mental performance. The amount of caffeine in energy drinks can vary widely, and sometimes the labels on the drinks do not give you the actual amount of caffeine in them. What are energy drinks, and why can they be a problem?Įnergy drinks are beverages that have added caffeine. Some people are more sensitive to the effects of caffeine than others. Dependency, so you need to take more of it to get the same results.If you do eat or drink too much caffeine, it can cause health problems, such as: What are the side effects from too much caffeine?įor most people, it is not harmful to consume up to 400mg of caffeine a day. You may continue to feel the effects of caffeine for four to six hours. Within one hour of eating or drinking caffeine, it reaches its peak level in your blood. May interfere with the absorption of calcium in the body.Increases the release of acid in your stomach, sometimes leading to an upset stomach or heartburn.Is a diuretic, meaning that it helps your body get rid of extra salt and water by urinating more.Stimulates your central nervous system, which can make you feel more awake and give you a boost of energy.The amount of caffeine in different drinks can vary a lot, but it is generally:Ĭaffeine has many effects on your body's metabolism. Most people consume caffeine from drinks. So do energy drinks and "energy-boosting" gums and snacks. For example, some pain relievers, cold medicines, and over-the-counter medicines for alertness contain synthetic caffeine. There is also synthetic (man-made) caffeine, which is added to some medicines, foods, and drinks. Cacao pods, which are used to make chocolate products.Kola nuts, which are used to flavor soft drink colas.Imminent cardiac arrest in caffeine toxicity should prompt intra-lipid therapy to scavenge the free serum caffeine.Caffeine is a bitter substance that occurs naturally in more than 60 plants including: Caffeine exhibits ideal characteristics to be dialyzed, including low protein binding (36%), low molecular size (194), and a small volume of distribution (0.6 to 0.8 L/kg). Hemodialysis has been effective in severe, life-threatening caffeine ingestions. Īctivated charcoal can bind caffeine if the ingestion is recent, and repeated doses can help diminish serum levels via the enterohepatic circulation. Vasopressors, such as vasopressin or phenylephrine, can be used to maintain blood pressure (goal mean arterial pressure greater than 65 mm Hg) without worsening tachycardia. Procainamide, lidocaine, or bicarbonate have also been utilized for the treatment of tachydysrhythmias. Beta-blockade with esmolol is useful for tachycardia. Hydration may be oral in minor cases, yet severe cases benefit from intravenous (IV) hydration. The primary treatment for minor caffeine ingestion is supportive. įatal caffeine overdose is relatively uncommon, and treatment data is limited to case reports. Cardiac monitoring allows evaluation of heart rate and early recognition of dysrhythmias such as ventricular ectopy or fibrillation. An electrocardiogram may demonstrate tachycardia, ST-segment depressions, or T-wave inversions. It is also important to obtain serum myoglobin and creatine kinase levels to monitor for rhabdomyolysis. Caffeine toxicity can result in hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia, and hyperglycemia. Ī venous blood gas may demonstrate anion gap metabolic acidosis, which can be severe. Lethal blood levels are typically above 80 to 100 mg/L, although one case occurred at 15 mg/L. Although not available in all hospitals, serum caffeine levels are generally obtained with an immunoassay. Serum caffeine levels can guide prognosis and therapy. Routine serum laboratory evaluations can be useful in drug overdose cases, especially in the setting of unstable vital signs, seizures, or altered sensorium.
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